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for little money

  • 1 pretium

    prĕtĭum, ii, n. [Sanscr. root par-, pana (for parna), wager, loan; Gr. pi-praskô, to sell; priamai, to buy; cf. pornos], that for or by which any thing is bought or sold (class.).
    I.
    Lit., money spent for any thing:

    nil pretio parsit, filio dum parceret,

    Plaut. Capt. prol. 32:

    femina... urbem Exiguam pretio posuit,

    for money has founded a small city, Verg. A. 4, 211:

    vectigalia parvo pretio redempta habere,

    for little money, cheaply, Caes. B. G. 1, 18:

    pretio mercari ordinem senatorium,

    to purchase, to gain with money, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 49, § 122:

    permutare pretio noluit, aliāve merce,

    Plin. 9, 55, 81, § 171.—
    B.
    In gen., money, wealth, etc. ( poet.), Ov. P. 2, 8, 6:

    in pretio pretium nunc est,

    id. F. 1, 217:

    converso in pretium deo,

    i. e. into a shower of gold, Hor. C. 3, 16, 8.—
    II.
    Transf., worth, value, price.
    A.
    In gen.: nec mi aurum posco nec mi pretium dederitis, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 200 Vahl.):

    pretium statuere merci,

    to set, fix, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 133:

    pretium certum constituere,

    Cic. Att. 12, 33, 1:

    enumerare,

    id. Rosc. Am. 46, 133:

    pacisci pro re aliquā,

    to agree upon, settle, id. Off. 3, 29, 107:

    exsolvere,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 6, 26:

    quibus hic pretiis porci veneunt?

    at what prices are they sold here? id. ib. 2, 2, 15:

    vendere aliquid pretio suo,

    id. Pers. 4, 4, 30; id. Ps. 1, 2, 36:

    parare sibi pretio aliquid,

    id. Merc. 2, 3, 7:

    multi extulerunt eorum pretia,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 6, 6:

    jacent pretia praediorum,

    are low, down, fallen, Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33.—
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    In phrases: magni, parvi pretii esse, to be high or low in price, of much or little worth, of great or of small value:

    nullus est tam parvi pretii, quin,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 60:

    ne tu habes servum graphicum, et quantivis pretii!

    id. Ep. 3, 3, 29:

    agrum majoris pretii nemo habet,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 12:

    noli spectare, quanti homo sit: parvi enim pretii est, qui jam nihil est,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 4:

    de illis potissimum jactura fit, quia pretii minimi sunt,

    Sall. Or. ad Caes. 2, 9: pretium habere, to have a value, to be worth something:

    vendat oleum, si pretium habeat,

    Cato, R. R. 2, 7:

    annona porro pretium nisi in calamitate fructuum non habet,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 98, § 227; but also: pretium habere, to have a price, be for sale:

    quis ignorat quin id longe sit liberalibus disciplinis dignissimum, non vendere operam: cum pleraque hoc ipso possint videri vilia, quod pretium habent,

    Quint. 12, 7, 8; hence: pretium non habere, to have no price, be above price (late Lat.):

    nihil esse pretiosius, immo eum pretium non habere testatur,

    Aug. Serm. 36, 8: in pretio esse, to be of worth, value, or estimation, to be in repute:

    tum coquus in pretio esse (coeptus),

    Liv. 39, 6, 9:

    nec in pretio fertilis hortus erat,

    Ov. F. 5, 316; Plin. 33, 1, 6, § 22: in pretio habere, to regard as of value:

    in magno pretio habere,

    Sen. Ep. 75, 11:

    aurum et argentum in pretio habent,

    Tac. G. 5;

    for which cf.: pudebat libertatis majus esse apud feminas quam apud viros pretium,

    Curt. 8, 2, 28: pretium facere, to fix or set a price or value; of a seller: indica, fac pretium. Do. Tua merx est;

    tua indicatio est,

    Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 37;

    of a purchaser: quis faceret pretium, nisi qui sua perdere vellet Omnia?

    Mart. 1, 86, 7; Dig. 10, 3, 19.—
    2.
    Wages, reward (mostly poet.):

    pro pretio facio ut opera appareat,

    Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 59:

    operam Epidici nunc me emere pretio pretioso velim,

    id. Ep. 1, 2, 17:

    reddere alicui pro benefactis,

    id. Capt. 5, 1, 20:

    palmae pretium victoribus,

    Verg. A. 5, 111.—
    III.
    Trop., worth, value:

    quales ex hac die experiundo cognovit, perinde operae eorum pretium faceret,

    would estimate their services, Liv. 27, 17:

    sive aliquod morum Est pretium,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 43: corticis etiam ad medicamenta pretium est, Plin, 12, 25, 54, § 118; 12, 19, 43, § 95.—
    B.
    Transf., pay, hire, wages, reward, price (cf.: stipendium, merces).
    1.
    In a good sense: majores seorsum atque diversum pretium paravere bonis atque strenuis, decurionatus... aliosque honores, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. optionatus, p. 201 Müll.; so,

    = praemium (opp. poena), ita et pretium recte facti triumphum haberet L. Paulus pro egregie bello gesto,

    Liv. 45, 37, 5:

    ut pretium honoremque debito beneficio addat,

    id. 45, 14, 1:

    cum pro cujusque merito consul pretia poenasque exsolvisset,

    id. 26, 40, 15 Weissenb. ad loc.:

    satis ampla pretia,

    prizes, id. 21, 43, 6:

    virtutum pretium,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 1, 1.— Plur.: tam longā valetudine conflictabatur, ut haec tanta pretia vivendi mortis rationibus vincerentur, rewards of living, i. e. motives for living, Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 4.—Esp. in phrase pretium curae, and more freq. pretium operae, a reward for trouble:

    mihi visum est pretium curae, ipsum, senatus consultum quaerere,

    seemed to me worth the trouble, worth while, Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 2:

    est pretium curae cognoscere, etc.,

    Juv. 6, 474: facturusne operae pretium sim, etc.,... nec satis scio, what will pay for the trouble, Liv. praef.:

    operae pretium habent libertatem, civitatemque,

    id. 25, 6; 21, 43: audire est operae pretium, etc., Enn. ap. Acron. ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 37 (Ann. v. 454 Vahl.); so Liv. 3, 26, 7: reddere opis pretium pro factis, Enn. ap. Sen. Ep. 108 (Epigr. v. 6 Vahl.):

    quo in genere est operae pretium diligentiam majorum recordari,

    it is worth while, Cic. Agr. 2, 27, 73:

    captā urbe, operae pretium fore,

    Sall. J. 81, 2;

    so without operae (post-Aug.): Germanico pretium fuit convertere agmen,

    thought it of importance, Tac. A. 1, 57:

    ni pretium foret Pisonis sententias noscere,

    were it not worth while, were it not of importance, id. ib. 2, 35:

    posse eum, si operae pretium faciat, principem popularium esse,

    if he does any thing worth while, any thing of importance, Liv. 25, 30: duos servos ad hostes transfugisse et operae pretium fecisse, have done valuable service, Quadrig. ap. Sen. Ben. 3, 23:

    scriptor minime utilis, cujus libro adtingere nullum pretium operae sit,

    Gell. 12, 2, 1; so,

    operis pretium est,

    Sil. 16, 45.—
    2.
    In a bad sense (i. q. poena), reward, punishment, like the Gr. timê, misthos ( poet.): si malos imitabor, tum pretium pro noxā dabis, Liv. And. ap. Non. 365, 27:

    verbera, compedes, molae... haec pretia sunt ignaviae,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 6, 10:

    ego pretium ob stultitiam fero,

    Ter. And. 3, 5, 4:

    et peccare nefas, aut pretium est mori,

    Hor. C. 3, 24, 24:

    ille crucem pretium sceleris tulit, hic diadema,

    Juv. 13, 105.—Of bribery:

    adduci pretio ad hominem condemnandum,

    Cic. Caecil. 10, 29:

    pretio judicem corrumpere,

    id. ib. 25, 72:

    nec prece, nec pretio a rectā viā deduci,

    Auct. Her. 3, 3, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > pretium

  • 2 ab

    ăb, ā, abs, prep. with abl. This IndoEuropean particle (Sanscr. apa or ava, Etr. av, Gr. upo, Goth. af, Old Germ. aba, New Germ. ab, Engl. of, off) has in Latin the following forms: ap, af, ab (av), au-, a, a; aps, abs, as-. The existence of the oldest form, ap, is proved by the oldest and best MSS. analogous to the prep. apud, the Sanscr. api, and Gr. epi, and by the weakened form af, which, by the rule of historical grammar and the nature of the Latin letter f, can be derived only from ap, not from ab. The form af, weakened from ap, also very soon became obsolete. There are but five examples of it in inscriptions, at the end of the sixth and in the course of the seventh century B. C., viz.:

    AF VOBEIS,

    Inscr. Orell. 3114;

    AF MVRO,

    ib. 6601;

    AF CAPVA,

    ib. 3308;

    AF SOLO,

    ib. 589;

    AF LYCO,

    ib. 3036 ( afuolunt =avolant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 26 Mull., is only a conjecture). In the time of Cicero this form was regarded as archaic, and only here and there used in account-books; v. Cic. Or. 47, 158 (where the correct reading is af, not abs or ab), and cf. Ritschl, Monum. Epigr. p. 7 sq.—The second form of this preposition, changed from ap, was ab, which has become the principal form and the one most generally used through all periods—and indeed the only oue used before all vowels and h; here and there also before some consonants, particularly l, n, r, and s; rarely before c, j, d, t; and almost never before the labials p, b, f, v, or before m, such examples as ab Massiliensibus, Caes. B. C. 1, 35, being of the most rare occurrence.—By changing the b of ab through v into u, the form au originated, which was in use only in the two compounds aufero and aufugio for abfero, ab-fugio; aufuisse for afuisse, in Cod. Medic. of Tac. A. 12, 17, is altogether unusual. Finally, by dropping the b of ab, and lengthening the a, ab was changed into a, which form, together with ab, predominated through all periods of the Latin language, and took its place before all consonants in the later years of Cicero, and after him almoet exclusively.—By dropping the b without lengthening the a, ab occurs in the form a- in the two compounds a-bio and a-perio, q. v.—On the other hand, instead of reducing ap to a and a, a strengthened collateral form, aps, was made by adding to ap the letter s (also used in particles, as in ex, mox, vix). From the first, aps was used only before the letters c, q, t, and was very soon changed into abs (as ap into ab):

    abs chorago,

    Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 79 (159 Ritschl):

    abs quivis,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 1:

    abs terra,

    Cato, R. R. 51;

    and in compounds: aps-cessero,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 24 (625 R.); id. ib. 3, 2, 84 (710 R): abs-condo, abs-que, abs-tineo, etc. The use of abs was confined almost exclusively to the combination abs te during the whole ante-classic period, and with Cicero till about the year 700 A. U. C. (=B. C. 54). After that time Cicero evidently hesitates between abs te and a te, but during the last five or six years of his life a te became predominant in all his writings, even in his letters; consequently abs te appears but rarely in later authors, as in Liv. 10, 19, 8; 26, 15, 12;

    and who, perhaps, also used abs conscendentibus,

    id. 28, 37, 2; v. Drakenb. ad. h. l. (Weissenb. ab).—Finally abs, in consequence of the following p, lost its b, and became ds- in the three compounds aspello, as-porto, and as-pernor (for asspernor); v. these words.—The late Lat. verb abbrevio may stand for adbrevio, the d of ad being assimilated to the following b.The fundamental signification of ab is departure from some fixed point (opp. to ad. which denotes motion to a point).
    I.
    In space, and,
    II.
    Fig., in time and other relations, in which the idea of departure from some point, as from source and origin, is included; Engl. from, away from, out of; down from; since, after; by, at, in, on, etc.
    I.
    Lit., in space: ab classe ad urbem tendunt, Att. ap. Non. 495, 22 (Trag. Rel. p. 177 Rib.):

    Caesar maturat ab urbe proficisci,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 7:

    fuga ab urbe turpissima,

    Cic. Att. 7, 21:

    ducite ab urbe domum, ducite Daphnim,

    Verg. E. 8, 68. Cicero himself gives the difference between ab and ex thus: si qui mihi praesto fuerit cum armatis hominibus extra meum fundum et me introire prohibuerit, non ex eo, sed ab ( from, away from) eo loco me dejecerit....Unde dejecti Galli? A Capitolio. Unde, qui cum Graccho fucrunt? Ex Capitolio, etc., Cic. Caecin. 30, 87; cf. Diom. p. 408 P., and a similar distinction between ad and in under ad.—Ellipt.: Diogenes Alexandro roganti, ut diceret, si quid opus esset: Nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, a little out of the sun, Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 92. —Often joined with usque:

    illam (mulierem) usque a mari supero Romam proficisci,

    all the way from, Cic. Clu. 68, 192; v. usque, I.—And with ad, to denote the space passed over: siderum genus ab ortu ad occasum commeant, from... to, Cic. N. D. 2, 19 init.; cf. ab... in:

    venti a laevo latere in dextrum, ut sol, ambiunt,

    Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 128.
    b.
    Sometimes with names of cities and small islands, or with domus (instead of the usual abl.), partie., in militnry and nautieal language, to denote the marching of soldiers, the setting out of a flcet, or the departure of the inhabitants from some place:

    oppidum ab Aenea fugiente a Troja conditum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 33:

    quemadmodum (Caesar) a Gergovia discederet,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 43 fin.; so id. ib. 7, 80 fin.; Sall. J. 61; 82; 91; Liv. 2, 33, 6 al.; cf.:

    ab Arimino M. Antonium cum cohortibus quinque Arretium mittit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 11 fin.; and:

    protinus a Corfinio in Siciliam miserat,

    id. ib. 1, 25, 2:

    profecti a domo,

    Liv. 40, 33, 2;

    of setting sail: cum exercitus vestri numquam a Brundisio nisi hieme summa transmiserint,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 32; so id. Fam. 15, 3, 2; Caes. B. C. 3, 23; 3, 24 fin.:

    classe qua advecti ab domo fuerant,

    Liv. 8, 22, 6;

    of citizens: interim ab Roma legatos venisse nuntiatum est,

    Liv. 21, 9, 3; cf.:

    legati ab Orico ad M. Valerium praetorem venerunt,

    id. 24, 40, 2.
    c.
    Sometimes with names of persons or with pronouns: pestem abige a me, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89 (Trag. v. 50 Vahl.):

    Quasi ad adulescentem a patre ex Seleucia veniat,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 41; cf.:

    libertus a Fuflis cum litteris ad Hermippum venit,

    Cic. Fl. 20, 47:

    Nigidium a Domitio Capuam venisse,

    id. Att. 7, 24:

    cum a vobis discessero,

    id. Sen. 22:

    multa merces tibi defluat ab Jove Neptunoque,

    Hor. C. 1, 28, 29 al. So often of a person instead of his house, lodging, etc.: videat forte hic te a patre aliquis exiens, from the father, i. e. from his house, Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 6:

    so a fratre,

    id. Phorm. 5, 1, 5:

    a Pontio,

    Cic. Att. 5, 3 fin.:

    ab ea,

    Ter. And. 1, 3, 21; and so often: a me, a nobis, a se, etc., from my, our, his house, etc., Plaut. Stich. 5, 1, 7; Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 50; Cic. Att. 4, 9, 1 al.
    B.
    Transf., without the idea of motion. To designate separation or distance, with the verbs abesse, distare, etc., and with the particles longe, procul, prope, etc.
    1.
    Of separation:

    ego te afuisse tam diu a nobis dolui,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 1, 2:

    abesse a domo paulisper maluit,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 39:

    tum Brutus ab Roma aberat,

    Sall. C. 40, 5:

    absint lacerti ab stabulis,

    Verg. G. 4, 14.—
    2.
    Of distance:

    quot milia fundus suus abesset ab urbe,

    Cic. Caecin. 10, 28; cf.:

    nos in castra properabamus, quae aberant bidui,

    id. Att. 5, 16 fin.; and:

    hic locus aequo fere spatio ab castris Ariovisti et Caesaris aberat,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 43, 1:

    terrae ab hujusce terrae, quam nos incolimus, continuatione distantes,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 164:

    non amplius pedum milibus duobus ab castris castra distabant,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 82, 3; cf. id. lb. 1, 3, 103.—With adverbs: annos multos longinque ab domo bellum gerentes, Enn. ap. Non. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 103 Vahl.):

    cum domus patris a foro longe abesset,

    Cic. Cael. 7, 18 fin.; cf.:

    qui fontes a quibusdam praesidiis aberant longius,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 49, 5:

    quae procul erant a conspectu imperii,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 32, 87; cf.:

    procul a castris hostes in collibus constiterunt,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 17, 1; and:

    tu procul a patria Alpinas nives vides,

    Verg. E. 10, 46 (procul often also with simple abl.;

    v. procul): cum esset in Italia bellum tam prope a Sicilia, tamen in Sicilia non fuit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 6; cf.:

    tu apud socrum tuam prope a meis aedibus sedebas,

    id. Pis. 11, 26; and:

    tam prope ab domo detineri,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 6.—So in Caesar and Livy, with numerals to designate the measure of the distance:

    onerariae naves, quae ex eo loco ab milibus passuum octo vento tenebatur,

    eight miles distant, Caes. B. G. 4, 22, 4; and without mentioning the terminus a quo: ad castra contenderunt, et ab milibus passunm minus duobus castra posuerunt, less than two miles off or distant, id. ib. 2, 7, 3; so id. ib. 2, 5, 32; 6, 7, 3; id. B. C. 1, 65; Liv. 38, 20, 2 (for which:

    duo milia fere et quingentos passus ab hoste posuerunt castra,

    id. 37, 38, 5). —
    3.
    To denote the side or direction from which an object is viewed in its local relations,=a parte, at, on, in: utrum hacin feriam an ab laeva latus? Enn. ap. Plaut. Cist. 3, 10 (Trag. v. 38 Vahl.); cf.:

    picus et cornix ab laeva, corvos, parra ab dextera consuadent,

    Plaut. As. 2, 1, 12: clamore ab ea parte audito. on this side, Caes. B. G. 3, 26, 4: Gallia Celtica attingit ab Sequanis et Helvetiis flumen Rhenum, on the side of the Sequani, i. e. their country, id. ib. 1, 1, 5:

    pleraque Alpium ab Italia sicut breviora ita arrectiora sunt,

    on the Italian side, Liv. 21, 35, 11:

    non eadem diligentia ab decumuna porta castra munita,

    at the main entrance, Caes. B. G. 3, 25 fin.:

    erat a septentrionibus collis,

    on the north, id. ib. 7, 83, 2; so, ab oriente, a meridie, ab occasu; a fronte, a latere, a tergo, etc. (v. these words).
    II.
    Fig.
    A.
    In time.
    1.
    From a [p. 3] point of time, without reference to the period subsequently elapsed. After:

    Exul ab octava Marius bibit,

    Juv. 1,40:

    mulieres jam ab re divin[adot ] adparebunt domi,

    immediately after the sucrifice, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 4:

    Caesar ab decimae legionis cohortatione ad dextrum cornu profectus,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:

    ab hac contione legati missi sunt,

    immediately after, Liv. 24, 22, 6; cf. id. 28, 33, 1; 40, 47, 8; 40, 49, 1 al.:

    ab eo magistratu,

    after this office, Sall. J. 63, 5:

    a summa spe novissima exspectabat,

    after the greatest hope, Tac. A. 6, 50 fin. —Strengthened by the adverbs primum, confestim, statim, protinus, or the adj. recens, immediately after, soon after:

    ut primum a tuo digressu Romam veni,

    Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4; so Suet. Tib. 68:

    confestim a proelio expugnatis hostium castris,

    Liv. 30, 36, 1:

    statim a funere,

    Suet. Caes. 85;

    and followed by statim: ab itinere statim,

    id. ib. 60:

    protinus ab adoptione,

    Vell. 2, 104, 3:

    Homerus qui recens ab illorum actate fuit,

    soon after their time, Cic. N. D. 3, 5; so Varr. R. R. 2, 8, 2; Verg. A. 6, 450 al. (v. also primum, confestim, etc.).—

    Sometimes with the name of a person or place, instead of an action: ibi mihi tuae litterae binae redditae sunt tertio abs te die,

    i. e. after their departure from you, Cic. Att. 5, 3, 1: in Italiam perventum est quinto mense a Carthagine Nov[adot ], i. e. after leaving (=postquam a Carthagine profecti sunt), Liv. 21, 38, 1:

    secundo Punico (bello) Scipionis classis XL. die a securi navigavit,

    i. e. after its having been built, Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192. —Hence the poct. expression: ab his, after this (cf. ek toutôn), i. e. after these words, hereupon, Ov. M. 3, 273; 4, 329; 8, 612; 9, 764.
    2.
    With reference to a subsequent period. From, since, after:

    ab hora tertia bibebatur,

    from the third hour, Cic. Phil. 2, 41:

    infinito ex tempore, non ut antea, ab Sulla et Pompeio consulibus,

    since the consulship of, id. Agr. 2, 21, 56:

    vixit ab omni aeternitate,

    from all eternity, id. Div. 1, 51, 115:

    cum quo a condiscipulatu vivebat conjunctissime,

    Nep. Att. 5, 3:

    in Lycia semper a terrae motu XL. dies serenos esse,

    after an earthquake, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211 al.:

    centesima lux est haec ab interitu P. Clodii,

    since the death of, Cic. Mil. 35, 98; cf.:

    cujus a morte quintus hic et tricesimus annus est,

    id. Sen. 6, 19; and:

    ab incenso Capitolio illum esse vigesumiun annum,

    since, Sall. C. 47, 2:

    diebus triginta, a qua die materia caesa est,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 36.—Sometimes joined with usque and inde:

    quod augures omnes usque ab Romulo decreverunt,

    since the time of, Cic. Vat. 8, 20:

    jam inde ab infelici pugna ceciderant animi,

    from the very beginning of, Liv. 2, 65 fin. —Hence the adverbial expressions ab initio, a principio, a primo, at, in, or from the beginning, at first; v. initium, principium, primus. Likewise ab integro, anew, afresh; v. integer.—Ab... ad, from (a time)... to:

    ab hora octava ad vesperum secreto collocuti sumus,

    Cic. Att. 7, 8, 4; cf.:

    cum ab hora septima ad vesperum pugnatum sit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 26, 2; and:

    a quo tempore ad vos consules anni sunt septingenti octoginta unus,

    Vell. 1, 8, 4; and so in Plautus strengthened by usque:

    pugnata pugnast usque a mane ad vesperum,

    from morning to evening, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 97; id. Most. 3, 1, 3; 3, 2, 80.—Rarely ab... in: Romani ab sole orto in multum diei stetere in acie, from... till late in the day, Liv. 27, 2, 9; so Col. 2, 10, 17; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 2, 103, 106, § 229; 4, 12, 26, § 89.
    b.
    Particularly with nouns denoting a time of life:

    qui homo cum animo inde ab ineunte aetate depugnat suo,

    from an early age, from early youth, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 24; so Cic. Off. 2, 13, 44 al.:

    mihi magna cum co jam inde a pueritia fuit semper famillaritas,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 9; so,

    a pueritia,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 27 fin.; id. Fam. 5, 8, 4:

    jam inde ab adulescentia,

    Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 16:

    ab adulescentia,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 1:

    jam a prima adulescentia,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 23:

    ab ineunte adulescentia,

    id. ib. 13, 21, 1; cf.

    followed by ad: usque ad hanc aetatem ab incunte adulescentia,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 20:

    a primis temporibus aetatis,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 3:

    a teneris unguiculis,

    from childhood, id. ib. 1, 6, 2:

    usque a toga pura,

    id. Att. 7, 8, 5:

    jam inde ab incunabulis,

    Liv. 4, 36, 5:

    a prima lanugine,

    Suet. Oth. 12:

    viridi ab aevo,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 17 al.;

    rarely of animals: ab infantia,

    Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 182.—Instead of the nom. abstr. very often (like the Greek ek paioôn, etc.) with concrete substantives: a pucro, ab adulescente, a parvis, etc., from childhood, etc.:

    qui olim a puero parvulo mihi paedagogus fuerat,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 90; so,

    a pausillo puero,

    id. Stich. 1, 3, 21:

    a puero,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 115; id. Fam. 13, 16, 4 (twice) al.:

    a pueris,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. de Or. 1, 1, 2 al.:

    ab adulescente,

    id. Quint. 3, 12:

    ab infante,

    Col. 1, 8, 2:

    a parva virgine,

    Cat. 66, 26 al. —Likewise and in the same sense with adject.: a parvo, from a little child, or childhood, Liv. 1, 39, 6 fin.; cf.:

    a parvis,

    Ter. And. 3, 3, 7; Cic. Leg. 2, 4, 9:

    a parvulo,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 8; id. Ad. 1, 1, 23; cf.:

    ab parvulis,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 21, 3:

    ab tenero,

    Col. 5, 6, 20;

    and rarely of animals: (vacca) a bima aut trima fructum ferre incipit,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 13.
    B.
    In other relations in which the idea of going forth, proceeding, from something is included.
    1.
    In gen. to denote departure, separation, deterring, avoiding, intermitting, etc., or distance, difference, etc., of inanimate or abstract things. From: jus atque aecum se a malis spernit procul, Enn. ap. Non. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):

    suspitionem et culpam ut ab se segregent,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 42:

    qui discessum animi a corpore putent esse mortem,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 18:

    hic ab artificio suo non recessit,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 20 al.:

    quod si exquiratur usque ab stirpe auctoritas,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 180:

    condicionem quam ab te peto,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 87; cf.:

    mercedem gloriae flagitas ab iis, quorum, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34:

    si quid ab illo acceperis,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 90:

    quae (i. e. antiquitas) quo propius aberat ab ortu et divina progenie,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:

    ab defensione desistere,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 12, 4:

    ne quod tempus ab opere intermitteretur,

    id. B. G. 7, 24, 2:

    ut homines adulescentis a dicendi studio deterream,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 117, etc.—Of distance (in order, rank, mind, or feeling):

    qui quartus ab Arcesila fuit,

    the fourth in succession from, Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 46:

    tu nunc eris alter ab illo,

    next after him, Verg. E. 5, 49; cf.:

    Aiax, heros ab Achille secundus,

    next in rank to, Hor. S. 2, 3, 193:

    quid hoc ab illo differt,

    from, Cic. Caecin. 14, 39; cf.:

    hominum vita tantum distat a victu et cultu bestiarum,

    id. Off. 2, 4, 15; and:

    discrepare ab aequitate sapientiam,

    id. Rep. 3, 9 fin. (v. the verbs differo, disto, discrepo, dissideo, dissentio, etc.):

    quae non aliena esse ducerem a dignitate,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 7:

    alieno a te animo fuit,

    id. Deiot. 9, 24 (v. alienus). —So the expression ab re (qs. aside from the matter, profit; cf. the opposite, in rem), contrary to one's profit, to a loss, disadvantageous (so in the affirmative very rare and only ante-class.):

    subdole ab re consulit,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 12; cf. id. Capt. 2, 2, 88; more frequently and class. (but not with Cicero) in the negative, non, haud, ab re, not without advantage or profit, not useless or unprofitable, adcantageous:

    haut est ab re aucupis,

    Plaut. As. 1, 3, 71:

    non ab re esse Quinctii visum est,

    Liv. 35, 32, 6; so Plin. 27, 8, 35; 31, 3, 26; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Dom. 11; Gell. 18, 14 fin.; App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 31, 22 al. (but in Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 44, ab re means with respect to the money matter).
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To denote an agent from whom an action proceeds, or by whom a thing is done or takes place. By, and in archaic and solemn style, of. So most frequently with pass. or intrans. verbs with pass. signif., when the active object is or is considered as a living being: Laudari me abs te, a laudato viro, Naev. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 31, 67: injuria abs te afficior, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38:

    a patre deductus ad Scaevolam,

    Cic. Lael. 1, 1:

    ut tamquam a praesentibus coram haberi sermo videretur,

    id. ib. 1, 3:

    disputata ab eo,

    id. ib. 1, 4 al.:

    illa (i. e. numerorum ac vocum vis) maxime a Graecia vetere celebrata,

    id. de Or. 3, 51, 197:

    ita generati a natura sumus,

    id. Off. 1, 29, 103; cf.:

    pars mundi damnata a rerum natura,

    Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 88:

    niagna adhibita cura est a providentia deorum,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 51 al. —With intrans. verbs:

    quae (i. e. anima) calescit ab eo spiritu,

    is warmed by this breath, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138; cf. Ov. M. 1, 417: (mare) qua a sole collucet, Cic. Ac. 2, 105:

    salvebis a meo Cicerone,

    i. e. young Cicero sends his compliments to you, id. Att. 6, 2 fin.:

    a quibus (Atheniensibus) erat profectus,

    i. e. by whose command, Nep. Milt. 2, 3:

    ne vir ab hoste cadat,

    Ov. H. 9, 36 al. —A substantive or adjective often takes the place of the verb (so with de, q. v.):

    levior est plaga ab amico quam a debitore,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 7; cf.:

    a bestiis ictus, morsus, impetus,

    id. Off. 2, 6, 19:

    si calor est a sole,

    id. N. D. 2, 52:

    ex iis a te verbis (for a te scriptis),

    id. Att. 16, 7, 5:

    metu poenae a Romanis,

    Liv. 32, 23, 9:

    bellum ingens a Volscis et Aequis,

    id. 3, 22, 2:

    ad exsolvendam fldem a consule,

    id. 27, 5, 6.—With an adj.:

    lassus ab equo indomito,

    Hor. S. 2, 2, 10:

    Murus ab ingenic notior ille tuo,

    Prop. 5, 1, 126:

    tempus a nostris triste malis,

    time made sad by our misfortunes, Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 36.—Different from per:

    vulgo occidebantur: per quos et a quibus?

    by whom and upon whose orders? Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 80 (cf. id. ib. 34, 97: cujus consilio occisus sit, invenio; cujus manu sit percussus, non laboro); so,

    ab hoc destitutus per Thrasybulum (i. e. Thrasybulo auctore),

    Nep. Alc. 5, 4.—Ambiguity sometimes arises from the fact that the verb in the pass. would require ab if used in the active:

    si postulatur a populo,

    if the people demand it, Cic. Off. 2, 17, 58, might also mean, if it is required of the people; on the contrary: quod ab eo (Lucullo) laus imperatoria non admodum exspectabatur, not since he did not expect military renown, but since they did not expect military renown from him, Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2, and so often; cf. Rudd. II. p. 213. (The use of the active dative, or dative of the agent, instead of ab with the pass., is well known, Zumpt, § 419. It is very seldom found in prose writers of the golden age of Roman liter.; with Cic. sometimes joined with the participles auditus, cognitus, constitutus, perspectus, provisus, susceptus; cf. Halm ad Cic. Imp. Pomp. 24, 71, and ad ejusdem, Cat. 1, 7 fin.; but freq. at a later period; e. g. in Pliny, in Books 2-4 of H. N., more than twenty times; and likewise in Tacitus seventeen times. Vid. the passages in Nipperd. ad Tac. A. 2, 49.) Far more unusual is the simple abl. in the designation of persons:

    deseror conjuge,

    Ov. H. 12, 161; so id. ib. 5, 75; id. M. 1, 747; Verg. A. 1, 274; Hor. C. 2, 4, 9; 1, 6, 2;

    and in prose,

    Quint. 3, 4, 2; Sen. Contr. 2, 1; Curt. 6, 7, 8; cf. Rudd. II. p. 212; Zumpt ad Quint. V. p. 122 Spalding.—Hence the adverbial phrase a se=uph heautou, sua sponte, of one's own uccord, spontaneously:

    ipsum a se oritur et sua sponte nascitur,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 78:

    (urna) ab se cantat quoja sit,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 21 (al. eapse; cf. id. Men. 1, 2, 66); so Col. 11, 1, 5; Liv. 44, 33, 6.
    b.
    With names of towns to denote origin, extraction, instead of gentile adjectives. From, of:

    pastores a Pergamide,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 1:

    Turnus ab Aricia,

    Liv. 1, 50, 3 (for which Aricinus, id. 1, 51, 1):

    obsides dant trecentos principum a Cora atque Pometia liberos,

    Liv. 2, 22, 2; and poet.: O longa mundi servator ab Alba, Auguste, thou who art descended from the old Alban race of kings (=oriundus, or ortus regibus Albanis), Prop. 5, 6, 37.
    c.
    In giving the etymology of a name: eam rem (sc. legem, Gr. nomon) illi Graeco putant nomine a suum cuique tribuendo appellatam, ego nostro a legendo, Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 19: annum intervallum regni fuit: id ab re... interregnum appellatum, Liv. 1, 17, 6:

    (sinus maris) ab nomine propinquae urbis Ambracius appellatus,

    id. 38, 4, 3; and so Varro in his Ling. Lat., and Pliny, in Books 1-5 of H. N., on almost every page. (Cf. also the arts. ex and de.)
    d.
    With verbs of beginning and repeating: a summo bibere, in Plaut. to drink in succession from the one at the head of the table:

    da, puere, ab summo,

    Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; so,

    da ab Delphio cantharum circum, id Most. 1, 4, 33: ab eo nobis causa ordienda est potissimum,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 21:

    coepere a fame mala,

    Liv. 4, 12, 7:

    cornicem a cauda de ovo exire,

    tail-foremost, Plin. 10, 16, 18:

    a capite repetis, quod quaerimus,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 18 al.
    e.
    With verbs of freeing from, defending, or protecting against any thing:

    a foliis et stercore purgato,

    Cato, R. R. 65 (66), 1:

    tantumne ab re tuast oti tibi?

    Ter. Heaut. 1, [p. 4] 1, 23; cf.:

    Saguntini ut a proeliis quietem habuerant,

    Liv. 21, 11, 5:

    expiandum forum ab illis nefarii sceleris vestigiis,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11:

    haec provincia non modo a calamitate, sed etiam a metu calamitatis est defendenda,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14 (v. defendo):

    ab incendio urbem vigiliis munitam intellegebat,

    Sall. C. 32:

    ut neque sustinere se a lapsu possent,

    Liv. 21, 35, 12:

    ut meam domum metueret atque a me ipso caveret,

    Cic. Sest. 64, 133.
    f.
    With verbs of expecting, fearing, hoping, and the like, ab =a parte, as, Cic. Att. 9, 7, 4: cum eadem metuam ab hac parte, since I fear the same from this side; hence, timere, metuere ab aliquo, not, to be afraid of any one, but, to fear something (proceeding from) from him:

    el metul a Chryside,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 79; cf.:

    ab Hannibale metuens,

    Liv. 23, 36; and:

    metus a praetore,

    id. 23, 15, 7;

    v. Weissenb. ad h. l.: a quo quidem genere, judices, ego numquam timui,

    Cic. Sull. 20, 59:

    postquam nec ab Romanis robis ulla est spes,

    you can expect nothing from the Romans, Liv. 21, 13, 4.
    g.
    With verbs of fastening and holding:

    funiculus a puppi religatus,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 154:

    cum sinistra capillum ejus a vertice teneret,

    Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 3.
    h.
    Ulcisci se ab aliquo, to take vengeance on one:

    a ferro sanguis humanus se ulciscitur,

    Plin. 34, 14, 41 fin.
    i.
    Cognoscere ab aliqua re to knoio or learn by means of something (different from ab aliquo, to learn from some one):

    id se a Gallicis armis atque insignibus cognovisse,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 22.
    j.
    Dolere, laborare, valere ab, instead of the simple abl.:

    doleo ab animo, doleo ab oculis, doleo ab aegritudine,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 62:

    a morbo valui, ab animo aeger fui,

    id. Ep. 1, 2, 26; cf. id. Aul. 2, 2, 9:

    a frigore et aestu ne quid laborent,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 17; so,

    a frigore laborantibus,

    Plin. 32, 10, 46, § 133; cf.:

    laborare ab re frumentaria,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 1; id. B. C. 3, 9; v. laboro.
    k.
    Where verbs and adjectives are joined with ab, instead of the simple abl., ab defines more exactly the respect in which that which is expressed by the verb or adj. is to be understood, in relation to, with regard to, in respect to, on the part of:

    ab ingenio improbus,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 59:

    a me pudica'st,

    id. Curc. 1, 1, 51:

    orba ab optimatibus contio,

    Cic. Fl. 23, 54; ro Ov. H. 6,156: securos vos ab hac parte reddemus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24 fin. (v. securus):

    locus copiosus a frumento,

    Cic. Att. 5, 18, 2; cf.:

    sumus imparati cum a militibas tum a pecunia,

    id. ib. 7, 15 fin.:

    ille Graecus ab omni laude felicior,

    id. Brut. 16, 63:

    ab una parte haud satis prosperuin,

    Liv. 1, 32, 2 al.;

    so often in poets ab arte=arte,

    artfully, Tib. 1, 5, 4; 1, 9, 66; Ov. Am. 2, 4, 30.
    l.
    In the statement of the motive instead of ex, propter, or the simple abl. causae, from, out of, on account of, in consequence of: ab singulari amore scribo, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B fin.:

    linguam ab irrisu exserentem,

    thrusting out the tongue in derision, Liv. 7, 10, 5:

    ab honore,

    id. 1, 8; so, ab ira, a spe, ab odio, v. Drak. ad Liv. 24, 30, 1: 26, 1, 3; cf. also Kritz and Fabri ad Sall. J. 31, 3, and Fabri ad Liv. 21, 36, 7.
    m.
    Especially in the poets instead of the gen.:

    ab illo injuria,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 129:

    fulgor ab auro,

    Lucr. 2, 5:

    dulces a fontibus undae,

    Verg. G. 2, 243.
    n.
    In indicating a part of the whole, for the more usual ex, of, out of:

    scuto ab novissimis uni militi detracto,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:

    nonnuill ab novissimis,

    id. ib.; Cic. Sest. 65, 137; cf. id. ib. 59 fin.: a quibus (captivis) ad Senatum missus (Regulus).
    o.
    In marking that from which any thing proceeds, and to which it belongs:

    qui sunt ab ea disciplina,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 3, 7:

    ab eo qui sunt,

    id. Fin. 4, 3, 7:

    nostri illi a Platone et Aristotele aiunt,

    id. Mur. 30, 63 (in imitation of oi upo tinos).
    p.
    To designate an office or dignity (with or without servus; so not freq. till after the Aug. period;

    in Cic. only once): Pollex, servus a pedibus meus,

    one of my couriers, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1; so,

    a manu servus,

    a secretary, Suet. Caes. 74: Narcissum ab eplstulis ( secretary) et Pallantem a rationibus ( accountant), id. Claud. 28; and so, ab actis, ab admissione, ab aegris, ab apotheca, ab argento, a balneis, a bibliotheca, a codicillis, a jumentis, a potione, etc. (v. these words and Inscr. Orell. vol. 3, Ind. xi. p. 181 sq.).
    q.
    The use of ab before adverbs is for the most part peculiar to later Latinity:

    a peregre,

    Vitr. 5, 7 (6), 8:

    a foris,

    Plin. 17, 24, 37; Vulg. Gen, 7, 16; ib. Matt. 23, 27:

    ab intus,

    ib. ib. 7, 15:

    ab invicem,

    App. Herb. 112; Vulg. Matt. 25, 32; Cypr. Ep. 63, 9: Hier. Ep. 18:

    a longe,

    Hyg. Fab. 257; Vulg. Gen. 22, 4; ib. Matt. 26, 58:

    a modo,

    ib. ib. 23, 39;

    Hier. Vit. Hilar.: a nune,

    Vulg. Luc. 1, 48:

    a sursum,

    ib. Marc. 15, 38.
    ► a.
    Ab is not repeated like most other prepositions (v. ad, ex, in, etc.) with pron. interrog. or relat. after subst. and pron. demonstr. with ab:

    Arsinoen, Stratum, Naupactum...fateris ab hostibus esse captas. Quibus autem hostibus? Nempe iis, quos, etc.,

    Cic. Pis. 37, 91:

    a rebus gerendis senectus abstrahit. Quibus? An iis, quae in juventute geruntur et viribus?

    id. Sen. 6:

    a Jove incipiendum putat. Quo Jove?

    id. Rep. 1, 36, 56:

    res publica, quascumque vires habebit, ab iis ipsis, quibus tenetur, de te propediem impetrabit,

    id. Fam. 4, 13, 5.—
    b.
    Ab in Plantus is once put after the word which it governs: quo ab, As. 1, 1, 106.—
    c.
    It is in various ways separated from the word which it governs:

    a vitae periculo,

    Cic. Brut. 91, 313:

    a nullius umquam me tempore aut commodo,

    id. Arch. 6, 12:

    a minus bono,

    Sall. C. 2, 6:

    a satis miti principio,

    Liv. 1, 6, 4:

    damnis dives ab ipsa suis,

    Ov. H. 9, 96; so id. ib. 12, 18; 13, 116.—
    d.
    The poets join a and que, making aque; but in good prose que is annexed to the following abl. (a meque, abs teque, etc.):

    aque Chao,

    Verg. G. 4, 347:

    aque mero,

    Ov. M. 3, 631:

    aque viro,

    id. H. 6, 156:

    aque suis,

    id. Tr. 5, 2, 74 al. But:

    a meque,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 1:

    abs teque,

    id. Att. 3, 15, 4:

    a teque,

    id. ib. 8, 11, §

    7: a primaque adulescentia,

    id. Brut. 91, 315 al. —
    e.
    A Greek noun joined with ab stands in the dat.: a parte negotiati, hoc est pragmatikê, removisse, Quint. 3, 7, 1.
    III.
    In composition ab,
    1.
    Retains its original signif.: abducere, to take or carry away from some place: abstrahere, to draw auay; also, downward: abicere, to throw down; and denoting a departure from the idea of the simple word, it has an effect apparently privative: absimilis, departing from the similar, unlike: abnormis, departing from the rule, unusual (different from dissimilis, enormis); and so also in amens=a mente remotus, alienus ( out of one's senses, without self-control, insane): absurdus, missounding, then incongruous, irrational: abutor (in one of its senses), to misuse: aborior, abortus, to miscarry: abludo; for the privative force the Latin regularly employs in-, v. 2. in.—
    2.
    It more rarely designates completeness, as in absorbere, abutor ( to use up). (The designation of the fourth generation in the ascending or descending line by ab belongs here only in appearance; as abavus for quartus pater, great-great-grandfather, although the Greeks introduced upopappos; for the immutability of the syllable ab in abpatrnus and abmatertera, as well as the signif. Of the word abavus, grandfather's grandfather, imitated in abnepos, grandchild's grandchild, seems to point to a derivation from avi avus, as Festus, p. 13 Mull., explains atavus, by atta avi, or, rather, attae avus.)

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ab

  • 3 ā

       ā    (before consonants), ab (before vowels, h, and some consonants, esp. l, n, r, s), abs (usu. only before t and q, esp. freq. before the pron. te), old af, praep. with abl., denoting separation or departure (opp. ad).    I. Lit., in space, from, away from, out of.    A. With motion: ab urbe proficisci, Cs.: a supero mari Flaminia (est via), leads: Nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, a little out of the sun: usque a mari supero Romam proficisci, all the way from; with names of cities and small islands, or with domo, home (for the simple abl; of motion, away from, not out of, a place); hence, of raising a siege, of the march of soldiers, the setting out of a fleet, etc.: oppidum ab Aeneā fugiente a Troiā conditum: ab Alesiā, Cs.: profectus ab Orico cum classe, Cs.; with names of persons or with pronouns: cum a vobis discessero: videat forte hic te a patre aliquis exiens, i. e. from his house, T.; (praegn.): a rege munera repudiare, from, sent by, N.—    B. Without motion.    1. Of separation or distance: abesse a domo paulisper maluit: tum Brutus ab Romā aberat, S.: hic locus aequo fere spatio ab castris Ariovisti et Caesaris aberat, Cs.: a foro longe abesse: procul a castris hostes in collibus constiterunt, Cs.: cum esset bellum tam prope a Siciliā; so with numerals to express distance: ex eo loco ab milibus passuum octo, eight miles distant, Cs.: ab milibus passuum minus duobus castra posuerunt, less than two miles off, Cs.; so rarely with substantives: quod tanta machinatio ab tanto spatio instrueretur, so far away, Cs.—    2. To denote a side or direction, etc., at, on, in: ab sinistrā parte nudatis castris, on the left, Cs.: ab eā parte, quā, etc., on that side, S.: Gallia Celtica attingit ab Sequanis flumen Rhenum, on the side of the Sequani, i. e. their country, Cs.: ab decumanā portā castra munita, at the main entrance, Cs.: crepuit hinc a Glycerio ostium, of the house of G., T.: (cornua) ab labris argento circumcludunt, on the edges, Cs.; hence, a fronte, in the van; a latere, on the flank; a tergo, in the rear, behind; a dextro cornu, on the right wing; a medio spatio, half way.—    II. Fig.    A. Of time.    1. Of a point of time, after: Caesar ab decimae legionis cohortatione ad dextrum cornu profectus, immediately after, Cs.: ab eo magistratu, after this office, S.: recens a volnere Dido, fresh from her wound, V.: in Italiam perventum est quinto mense a Carthagine, i. e. after leaving, L.: ab his, i. e. after these words, hereupon, O.: ab simili <*>ade domo profugus, i. e. after and in consequence of, L.—    2. Of a period of time, from, since, after: ab hora tertiā bibebatur, from the third hour: ab Sullā et Pompeio consulibus, since the consulship of: ab incenso Capitolio illum esse vigesumum annum, since, S.: augures omnes usque ab Romulo, since the time of: iam inde ab infelici pugnā ceciderant animi, from (and in consequence of), L.; hence, ab initio, a principio, a primo, at, in, or from the beginning, at first: ab integro, anew, afresh: ab... ad, from (a time)... to: cum ab horā septimā ad vesperum pugnatum sit, Cs.; with nouns or adjectives denoting a time of life: iam inde a pueritiā, T.: a pueritiā: a pueris: iam inde ab incunabulis, L.: a parvo, from a little child, or childhood, L.: ab parvulis, Cs.—    B. In other relations.    1. To denote separation, deterring, intermitting, distinction, difference, etc., from: quo discessum animi a corpore putent esse mortem: propius abesse ab ortu: alter ab illo, next after him, V.: Aiax, heros ab Achille secundus, next in rank to, H.: impotentia animi a temperantiā dissidens: alieno a te animo fuit, estranged; so with adjj. denoting free, strange, pure, etc.: res familiaris casta a cruore civili: purum ab humano cultu solum, L.: (opoidum) vacuum ab defensoribus, Cs.: alqm pudicum servare ab omni facto, etc., II.; with substt.: impunitas ab iudicio: ab armis quies dabatur, L.; or verbs: haec a custodiis loca vacabant, Cs.—    2. To denote the agent, by: qui (Mars) saepe spoliantem iam evertit et perculit ab abiecto, by the agency of: Laudari me abs te, a laudato viro: si quid ei a Caesare gravius accidisset, at Caesar's hands, Cs.: vetus umor ab igne percaluit solis, under, O.: a populo P. imperia perferre, Cs.: equo lassus ab indomito, H.: volgo occidebantur: per quos et a quibus? by whose hands and upon whose orders? factus ab arte decor, artificial, O.: destitutus ab spe, L.; (for the sake of the metre): correptus ab ignibus, O.; (poet. with abl. of means or instr.): intumuit venter ab undā, O.—Ab with abl. of agent for the dat., to avoid ambiguity, or for emphasis: quibus (civibus) est a vobis consulendum: te a me nostrae consuetudinis monendum esse puto.—    3. To denote source, origin, extraction, from, of: Turnus ab Ariciā, L.: si ego me a M. Tullio esse dicerem: oriundi ab Sabinis, L.: dulces a fontibus undae, V.—With verbs of expecting, fearing, hoping (cf. a parte), from, on the part of: a quo quidem genere, iudices, ego numquam timui: nec ab Romanis vobis ulla est spes, you can expect nothing from the Romans, L.; (ellipt.): haec a servorum bello pericula, threatened by: quem metus a praetore Romano stimulabat, fear of what the praetor might do, L.—With verbs of paying, etc., solvere, persolvere, dare (pecuniam) ab aliquo, to pay through, by a draft on, etc.: se praetor dedit, a quaestore numeravit, quaestor a mensā publicā, by an order on the quaestor: ei legat pecuniam a filio, to be paid by his son: scribe decem (milia) a Nerio, pay by a draft on Nerius, H.; cognoscere ab aliquā re, to know or learn by means of something (but ab aliquo, from some one): id se a Gallicis armis atque insignibus cognovisse, Cs.; in giving an etymology: id ab re... interregnum appellatum, L.—Rarely with verbs of beginning and repeating: coepere a fame mala, L.: a se suisque orsus, Ta.—    4. With verbs of freeing from, defending, protecting, from, against: ut a proeliis quietem habuerant, L.: provincia a calamitate est defendenda: sustinere se a lapsu, L.—    5. With verbs and adjectives, to define the respect in which, in relation to, with regard to, in respect to, on the part of: orba ab optimatibus contio: mons vastus ab naturā et humano cultu, S.: ne ab re sint omissiores, too neglectful of money or property, T.: posse a facundiā, in the matter of eloquence, T.; cf. with laborare, for the simple abl, in, for want of: laborare ab re frumentariā, Cs.—    6. In stating a motive, from, out of, on account of, in consequence of: patres ab honore appellati, L.: inops tum urbs ab longinquā obsidione, L.—    7. Indicating a part of the whole, of, out of: scuto ab novissimis uni militi detracto, Cs.: a quibus (captivis) ad Senatum missus (Regulus).—    8. Marking that to which anything belongs: qui sunt ab eā disciplinā: nostri illi a Platone et Aristotele aiunt.—    9. Of a side or party: vide ne hoc totum sit a me, makes for my view: vir ab innocentiā clementissimus, in favor of.—10. In late prose, of an office: ab epistulis, a secretary, Ta. Note. Ab is not repeated with a following pron interrog. or relat.: Arsinoën, Stratum, Naupactum... fateris ab hostibus esse captas. Quibus autem hostibus? Nempe iis, quos, etc. It is often separated from the word which it governs: a nullius umquam me tempore aut commodo: a minus bono, S.: a satis miti principio, L.—The poets join a and que, making āque; but in good prose que is annexed to the following abl. (a meque, abs teque, etc.): aque Chao, V.: aque mero, O.—In composition, ab- stands before vowels, and h, b, d, i consonant, l, n, r, s; abs- before c, q, t; b is dropped, leaving as- before p; ā- is found in āfuī, āfore ( inf fut. of absum); and au- in auferō, aufugiō.
    * * *
    I
    Ah!; (distress/regret/pity, appeal/entreaty, surprise/joy, objection/contempt)
    II
    by (agent), from (departure, cause, remote origin/time); after (reference)
    III
    ante, abb. a.

    in calendar expression a. d. = ante diem -- before the day

    Latin-English dictionary > ā

  • 4 sportula

    sportŭla, ae, f. dim. [id.].
    I.
    Lit., a little basket:

    sportulam cape atque argentum,

    Plaut. Men. 1, 4, 1; id. Curc. 2, 3, 10; id. Stich. 2, 1, 17; App. M. 1, p. 113, 39; Ascon. ad Cic. Verr. 1, 8.—In such little baskets it was customary for a great man to distribute presents of food or money to the mass of his clients, Juv. 1, 95; 3, 249; Suet. Ner. 16; Mart. 3, 14, 3; 14, 125, 2; 10, 27, 3.—Hence, the emperor Claudius called the brief games which he gave to the people sportulae, acc. to Suet. Claud. 21.—

    Prov.: sportulam furunculus captat,

    i. e. snatches at others' little property, Tert. adv. Marc. 3, 16.—
    II.
    Transf., a gift, present, in gen., Plin. Ep. 2, 14, 4; 2, 10, 118; Dig. 30, 1, 117; ib. 50, 2, 6; Cod. Just. 12, 21, 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sportula

  • 5 aestivus

    aestīvus, a, um, adj. [aestas], of or pertaining to summer, summer-like, summer (freq. and class.):

    Quo pacto aestivis e partibus Aegocerotis Brumalīs adeat flexus,

    turns from the hot region of heaven to the wintry sign of Capricorn, Lucr. 5, 615; so id. 5, 639:

    aestivos menses rei militari dare, hibernos juris dictioni,

    Cic. Att. 5, 14:

    tempora, dies,

    summer time, summer days, id. Verr. 2, 5, 31:

    sol,

    Verg. G. 4, 28:

    aura,

    Hor. C. 1, 22, 18:

    umbra,

    Ov. M. 13, 793:

    rus,

    Mart. 8, 61:

    per aestivos saltus deviasque calles exercitum ducimus,

    through woods, where flocks were driven for summer pasture, Liv. 22, 14:

    aves,

    summer birds, id. 5, 6:

    animalia,

    the insects of summer, Plin. 9, 47, 71, § 154:

    expeditiones,

    which were undertaken in summer, Vell. 2, 114: castra, a summer camp (constructed differently from a winter camp), Suet. Claud. 1.—Hence,
    II.
    Subst.: aestīva, ōrum, n.
    A.
    For a summer camp, ta therina:

    dum in aestivis essemus,

    Cic. Att. 5, 17; id. Fam. 2, 13: aestiva praetoris, of a pleasure-camp, pleasurehouse, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 37.—
    B.
    The time appropriate for a campaign (cf. aestas; often continuing until December; v. Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 2, 7);

    hence,

    a campaign, Cic. Pis. 40: aestivis confectis, after the campaign was ended (which did not take place until the Saturnalia, XIV. Kal. Januar.), id. Fam. 3, 9 fin.:

    perducere aestiva in mensem Decembrem,

    Vell. 2, 105.—
    C.
    Summer pastures for cattle:

    per montium aestiva,

    Plin. 24, 6, 19, § 28.— Meton. for the cattle themselves:

    Nec singula morbi Corpora corripiunt, sed tota aestiva,

    Verg. G. 3, 472.— Hence, * adv.: aestīvē, in a summer-like manner, as in summer: admodum aestive viaticati sumus, we are furnished in a very summer-like manner with money for our journey, i. e. we have but little (the figure taken from the light dress of summer;

    or, acc. to others, from the scanty provisions which soldiers took with them in summer),

    Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 30.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aestivus

  • 6 nummulus

        nummulus (not nūmu-), ī, m dim.    [nummus], a bit of money, coin: illis aliquid nummulorum dare: nummulis acceptis, for filthy lucre.
    * * *

    Latin-English dictionary > nummulus

  • 7 sors

    sors, tis (nom. sortis, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 28; abl. sorti. C. I. L. 198, 54; 200, 16; Plaut. Cas. 2, 7, 5; Liv. 4, 37, 6; 28, 45, 11; 29, 20, 4; cf. Neue, Formenl. 1, 241; but sorti is dat., Verg. G. 4, 165 Forbig. ad loc.; Sil. 7, 3, 65), f. [2. sero; cf.: fors, fero], any thing used to determine chances.
    I.
    Lit., a lot:

    aut populna sors aut abiegna,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 32:

    coniciam sortes in sitellam,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 34 sq.:

    tot in hydriam sortes conicerentur,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 51, § 127:

    ponere in sitellam,

    Liv. 41, 18, 8;

    and simply conicere,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 34 sq.; Cic. Lig. 7, 21:

    deicere,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 6 fin.; Verg. A. 5, 490; cf.:

    cum dejecta in id sors esset,

    lots were cast for it, Liv. 21, 42:

    miscere,

    Cic. Div. 2, 41, 86:

    ducere,

    id. ib. 2, 41, 86; id. Verr. 2, 4, 64, § 143:

    cum de consularibus mea prima sors exisset,

    id. Att. 1, 19, 3:

    ut cujusque sors exciderat,

    Liv. 21, 42, 3:

    sortem in sitellam latam,

    id. 41, 18, 8 Weissenb.:

    et Caere sortes extenuatas (creditum est), as an omen of ill,

    id. 21, 62, 5 and 8:

    sortes suā sponte adtenuatas,

    id. 22, 1, 11.—Of chances or tickets in a lottery, Suet. Aug. 75 fin.; Lampr. Heliog. 21 fin. —
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Abstr., a casting or drawing of lots, decision by lot, lot:

    quaestor quem sors dedit,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 3, § 11:

    res revocatur ad sortem,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 51, § 127:

    sorti sum victus,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 7, 5:

    ei sorte provincia Sicilia obvenit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 17; cf.:

    cui Sicilia provincia sorte evenisset,

    Liv. 29, 20;

    for which: cui ea provincia sorti evenit,

    id. 4, 37, 6:

    Q. Caecilio sorte evenit, ut in Bruttiis adversum Hannibalem bellum gereret,

    id. 28, 45, 11:

    sorte ductus,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 34, 51; Sall. Fragm. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 2, 201:

    sorte ducti e primoribus civitatis unus et viginti,

    Tac. A. 1, 54; 13, 29: sorte in provinciam proficisci, S. C. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 8:

    sorte agros legionibus assignare, Brut. ib., 11, 20, 3 et saep.: de se ter sortibus consultum dicebat,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 53 fin.:

    jubet extra sortem Theomnastum renuntiari,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 51, § 127:

    extra sortem agrum Campanum dividere,

    Suet. Caes. 20. —
    B.
    A lot, share, the duty assigned by lot, esp. of the prætors, who divided by lot the duties of their office:

    praetores, Q. Fulvius Flaccus urbanam, M. Valerius Laevinus peregrinam sortem in juris dictione habuit,

    Liv. 23, 30, 18; 22, 35, 5; cf.:

    urbana, peregrina (sc. sors),

    id. 27, 36, 10; 28, 10, 9 al.:

    urbana et peregrina (provinciae), quae duorum ante sors fuerat,

    id. 25, 3, 2; 24, 44, 2; [p. 1733] cf. id. 35, 41, 6:

    comitia suae sortis esse,

    i.e. had by lot been assigned to him, id. 35, 6, 2;

    hence, numquam ex urbe afuit nisi sorte,

    i.e. on official duty, Cic. Planc. 27, 67.—
    C.
    In gen., an oracular response (which was often written on a little tablet or lot), a prophecy (cf. responsum):

    cum (Spartiatae) oraculum ab Jove Dodonaeo petivissent legatique illud, in quo inerant sortes, collocavissent: simia et sortis ipsas et cetera quae erant ad sortem parata, disturbavit,

    Cic. Div. 1, 34, 76:

    ut interpres egeat interprete et sors ipsa ad sortis referenda sit,

    id. ib. 2, 56, 115:

    Italiam Lyciae jussere capessere sortes,

    i.e. the oracles of the Lycian Apollo, Verg. A. 4, 346; 4, 377; so,

    Phoebeae,

    Ov. M. 3, 130:

    faticinae,

    id. ib. 15, 436:

    sacrae,

    id. ib. 1, 368;

    11, 412: edita oraculo,

    Curt. 3, 1, 16; 5, 4, 11; 6, 9, 18; Val. Max. 1, 6, 3:

    neque responsa sortium ulli alii committere ausus,

    Liv. 1, 56: conjecturam postulat, ut se edoceret, Quo sese vertant tantae sortes somniūm, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 21, 42 (Trag. v. 64 Vahl.).—
    2.
    In partic., oracular sayings, verses, or sentences at the opening of a book, selected for the purpose:

    sortes Vergilii or Vergilianae,

    Lampr. Alex. Sev. 14, 5; Spart. Had. 2, 8:

    sacrae,

    Tib. 1, 3, 11:

    sanctorum,

    Isid. Orig. 8, 9, 28:

    sortes tollere,

    Tib. 1. 1.:

    ducere,

    Juv. 6, 583:

    de paginis poëtae cujusdam sortem consulere,

    Aug. Conf. 4, 3:

    de paginis evangelicis sortes legere,

    id. Ep. 119.—
    D.
    In gen., like the Engl. lot, for fate, destiny, chance, fortune, condition, share, part (esp. freq. after the Aug. per.; cf.

    fors, casus, fortuna): nescia mens hominum fati sortisque futurae,

    Verg. A. 10, 501:

    ferrea sors vitae,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 3, 28:

    vires ultra sortemque senectae,

    Verg. A. 6, 114:

    iniqua,

    id. ib. 6, 332; Liv. 38, 23:

    qui fit, ut nemo, quam sibi sortem Seu ratio dederit seu fors objecerit, illa Contentus vivat,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 1:

    sperat infestis, metuit secundis Alteram sortem,

    id. C. 2, 10, 14:

    sors mea fuit irrequieta,

    Ov. M. 2, 386:

    sors querenda, Non celanda foret,

    id. ib. 3, 551:

    aliena,

    Liv. 21, 43, 2:

    sunt quibus ad portas cecidit custodia sorti,

    to whose lot, Verg. G. 4, 165; Sil. 7, 368:

    homines ultimae sortis,

    Suet. Aug. 19; cf.: non tuae sortis juvenem, of your rank or condition, Hor. C. 4, 11, 22:

    sors tua mortalis,

    Ov. M. 2, 56:

    nec cedit nisi sorte mihi,

    id. ib. 5, 529:

    dilectos inter sors prima sodales,

    id. Tr. 4, 5, 1:

    huic sortem concede priorem,

    id. A. A. 1, 581:

    quattuor ille quidem juvenes totidemque crearat Femineae sortis,

    i. e. of the female sex, id. M. 6, 680; so,

    feminea,

    id. ib. 13, 651:

    altera,

    id. ib. 9, 676; cf. id. ib. 3, 329:

    Saturni sors ego prima fui,

    i. e. the first child, id. F. 6, 30:

    suae sortis oblitus,

    Curt. 3, 2, 11:

    ultima,

    id. 9, 2, 6:

    nec pars nec sors in sermone isto,

    Vulg. Act. 8, 21.—With gen.:

    cujus mali sors incidit Remis,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 12, 3:

    incommodi,

    id. ib. 8, 1 fin.:

    nobis quoniam prima animi ingenique negata sors est, secundam ac mediam teneamus,

    Liv. 22, 29, 9:

    puer post avi mortem in nullam sortem bonorum natus (opp. omnium heredi bonorum),

    to no share of the property, id. 1, 34, 3:

    praedae mala sors,

    Ov. M. 13, 485:

    utrius vitae sortem legant,

    Just. 1, 6, 6:

    servitutis,

    id. 6, 5, 1.—
    2.
    In partic., in mercant. lang. (prop. fortune, money; hence), capital bearing interest, principal:

    et sors et fenus,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 122; 5, 2, 38; 3, 1, 34; 3, 1, 64; 3, 1, 70; 3, 1, 84; Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 35; Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3; Liv. 6, 14; 6, 15; Plin. praef. § 23; Mart. 5, 42, 3; Dig. 33, 2, 24; Inscr. Orell. 4405; cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 65, and id. ib. 5, § 183 Müll.—
    E.
    A rank, class, order (late Lat.):

    ex turbā imae sortis,

    Amm. 14, 6, 25.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sors

  • 8 sacculus

    saccŭlus, i, m. dim. [saccus], a little sack or bag (not in Cic.); for filtering wine, Lucil. ap. Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 23;

    for grain,

    App. M. 9, p. 232 et saep.;

    esp. for money,

    a purse, Plin. 2, 51, 52, § 137:

    pleno cum turget sacculus ore,

    Juv. 14, 138; 11, 27; Mart. 5, 39, 7; 11, 3, 6; Dig. 16, 2, 1, § 36; Vulg. Prov. 7, 20.—Hence, comic.:

    sacculus Plenus aranearum,

    i. e. empty, Cat. 13, 8.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sacculus

  • 9 loculus

    spot, little/small place; compartment/pigeon-hole; coffin, bier (Vulgate); compartmented box (pl.), money-box; school satchel, case for writing material

    Latin-English dictionary > loculus

  • 10 adpello

    1.
    ap-pello ( adp-, Fleck., Halm (in Tac.); app-, Merk., B. and K., Rib., Weissenb., Halm (in Nep.), pŭli, pulsum, 3, v. a. and n., to drive, move or bring a person or thing to or toward.
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Lit., constr. with ad, or in, with the dat., with quo, or absol.
    a.
    With ad:

    ad ignotum arbitrum me adpellis,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 104:

    armentum ad aquam,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 15; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 11:

    ad litora juvencos,

    Ov. M. 11, 353: visum in somnis pastorem ad me appellere, to drive toward me, i. e. the herd, the flock, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22:

    turres ad opera appellebat,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 26.—
    b.
    With in:

    in flumen,

    Dig. 43, 13, 1.—
    c.
    With dat.:

    Hinc me digressum vestris deus appulit oris,

    Verg. A. 3, 715.—
    d.
    With quo: quo numquam pennis appellunt Corpora saucae Cornices, * Lucr. 6, 752.—
    e.
    Absol.: dant operam, ut quam primum appellant, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 238, 28: postquam paulo appulit unda (corpus), drove a little toward me, brought near, Ov. M. 11, 717 al.—
    B.
    Trop.: animum ad aliquid, to turn, direct, apply:

    animum ad scribendum adpulit,

    Ter. And. prol. 1; so id. ib. 2, 6, 15.—Also to bring into any condition:

    argenti viginti minae me ad mortem adpulerunt,

    drove me to destruction, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 43; id. Bacch. 3, 1, 11.—
    II.
    A.. Esp. freq. as a nautical t. t., to bring or conduct a ship somewhere, to land (in Cic. only in this signif.); constr.: appellere navem, nave, or absol. in act. and pass.; also navis appellit, or appellitur (cf. applico, II.).
    a.
    With navem. [p. 141] abitu appellant huc ad molem nostram naviculam, Afran. ap. Non. p. 238, 24:

    cum Persae classem ad Delum appulissent,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 18:

    si ille ad eam ripam naves appulisset,

    id. Phil. 2, 11, 26 Wernsd.:

    cum ad villam nostram navis appelleretur,

    id. Att. 13, 21:

    Alexandrum in Italiam classem appulisse constat,

    Liv. 8, 3; so id. 28, 42:

    naves appulsae ad muros,

    id. 30, 10; 44, 44; 45, 5 al.—
    b.
    With nave:

    cum Rhegium onerariā nave appulisset,

    Suet. Tit. 5; cf. Gron. ad Liv. 30, 10.—
    c.
    Act. absol.: huc appelle, * Hor. S. 1, 5, 12:

    ad insulam appulerunt,

    Liv. 37, 21:

    cum ad litus appulisset,

    Quint. 7, 3, 31:

    cum ad Rhodum appulisset,

    Suet. Tib. 11; so id. Ner. 27.—
    d.
    Pass. absol.:

    alios ad Siciliam appulsos esse,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 28:

    ripae suorum appulsus est,

    Vell. 2, 107.—
    e.
    Seldom in a neutr. sense:

    navis adpellit,

    comes to land, arrives at, Tac. A. 4, 27:

    Germanici triremis Chaucorum terram adpulit,

    id. ib. 2, 24; Suet. Aug. 98:

    Alexandrina navis Dertosam appulit,

    id. Galb. 10. — Poet.:

    appellere aliquem: me vestris deus appulit oris,

    Verg. A. 3, 715; so id. ib. 1, 377 (cf. id. ib. 1, 616: quae vis te immanibus applicat oris).—
    B.
    Trop.:

    timide, tamquam ad aliquem libidinis scopulum, sic tuam mentem ad philosophiam appulisti,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 37:

    nec tuas umquam rationes ad eos scopulos appulisses,

    id. Rab. Perd. 9, 25.
    2.
    appello ( adp-, Ritschl), āvi, ātum, 1 ( subj. perf. appellāssis = appellaveris, Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 15), orig. v. n., as a secondary form of the preced. (cf.: jungere, jugare), to drive to or toward, to go to in order to accost, make a request, admonish, etc.; like adire, aggredi; hence like these constr. as v. a. with acc., to accost, address, to speak to, call upon (very freq. and class.).
    I.
    In gen. adgrediar hominem, adpellabo, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 26:

    accedam atque adpellabo,

    id. Am. 1, 3, 17:

    adeamus, adpellemus,

    id. Mil. 2, 5, 10; cf. id. Poen. 5, 2, 22, 5, 2, 30; 5, 2, 32:

    te volo adpellare,

    id. Aul. 2, 2, 23; id. Bacch. 5, 2, 50:

    quo ore appellabo patrem?

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 22; id. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 22: Lucil. ap. Non. p. 238, 23 aliquem hilari vultu, Cic. Clu. 26, 72:

    hominem verbo graviore,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 58:

    legatos superbius,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 5:

    homines asperius,

    id. Agr. 2, 24:

    ibi a Virdumaro appellatus,

    accosted, Caes. B. G. 7, 54:

    Adherbalis appellandi copia non fuit,

    Sall. J. 22, 5 milites alius alium laeti appellant, id. ib. 53, 8, Tac. Agr. 40: senatu coram appellato, Suet Ner. 41; id. Tib. 29 al.:

    nec audet Appellare virum virgo,

    Ov. M. 4, 682 al. —Also to address by letter:

    crebris nos litteris appellato,

    Cic. Fam. 15, 20.—
    II.
    Esp
    A.
    1.. Freq. with the access. idea of entreating, soliciting, to approach with a request, entreaty, etc., to apply to, to entreat, implore, beseech, invoke, etc.:

    vos etiam atque etiam imploro et appello,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 72, § 188 quem enim alium appellem? quem obtester? quem implorem? id. Fl. 2:

    quem praeter te appellet, habebat neminem,

    id. Quint. 31; id. Fam. 12, 28:

    quo accedam aut quos appellem?

    Sall. J. 14, 17:

    appellatus est a C. Flavio, ut, etc.,

    Nep. Att. 8, 3:

    appellatis de re publicā Patribus,

    Suet. Caes. 34.—
    2.
    Aliquem de aliquā re, to address one in order to incite him to something ( bad):

    aliquem de proditione, Liv 26, 38, 4: de stupro,

    Quint. 4, 2, 98.—Also without de:

    aliquem,

    Sen. Contr. 2, 15; Dig. 47, 10, 15, § 15.—
    3.
    In judic. language, t. t., to appeal to one, i. e. to call upon him for assistance (in the class. period always with acc.; also in Pandect. Lat. constr. with ad):

    procurator a praetore tribunos appellare ausus,

    Cic. Quint. 20, 64:

    tribuni igitur appellabantur,

    id. ib. 20, 63; so,

    praetor appellabatur,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 65; Liv. 9, 26:

    Volero appellat tribunos,

    id. 2, 55; Plin. 1, praef. 10: mox et ipse appellato demum collegio ( after he had appealed to the college of the tribunes), obtinuit, etc., Suet. Caes. 23:

    adversarii ad imperatorem appellārunt,

    Dig. 4, 4, 39 et saep.—
    B.
    To address in order to demand something, esp. the payment of money, to dun:

    Tulliola tuum munusculum flagitat et me ut sponsorem appellat,

    Cic. Att. 1, 8 fin.; id. Quint. 12;

    with de pecuniā: appellatus es de pecuniā,

    id. Phil. 2, 29; and without de: magnā pecuniā appellabaris a creditoribus, Quint. 5, 13, 12; Alphius ap. Col. 1, 7, 2.— Trop.:

    cupressus in Cretā gignitur etiam non appellato solo,

    Plin. 16, 33, 60, § 142.—Later also appellare rem, to demand, claim something:

    mercedem appellas?

    Juv. 7, 158.—
    C.
    To sue, inform against, complain of, accuse, to summon before a court:

    ne alii plectantur, alii ne appellentur quidem,

    Cic. Off. 1, 25, 89; so,

    aliquem stupri causā,

    Val. Max. 6, 1, 11 al. —
    D.
    To accost by any appellation (cf.:

    centurionibus nominatim appellatis,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 25); hence, to call by name, or to call, to term, entitle, to declare or announce as something (cf. prosagoreuô, and in Heb., to call, and also to name; appellare gives a new predicate to the subject, while nominare only designates it by name, without a qualifying word; cf. Hab. Syn. 958; Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 7, 4):

    vir ego tuus sim? ne me adpella falso nomine,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 181; so id. Mil. 2, 5, 26; Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 15:

    aliquem patrem,

    id. Hec. 4, 4, 30, pater a gnatis ne dulcibus umquam Appelletur, Lucr. 4, 1235; 1, 60; 5, 10:

    O Spartace, quem enim te potius appellem?

    Cic. Phil. 13, 10:

    unum te sapientem appellant et existimant,

    id. Am. 2, 6:

    hos viros bonos, ut habiti sunt, sic appellandos putemus,

    id. ib. 5, 19:

    cum fruges Cererem appellamus, vinum autem Bacchum,

    id. N D 2, 23, 60 suo quamque rem nomine appellare, id. Fam. 9, 22 al.:

    rex ab suis appellatur,

    Caes. B. G 7, 4:

    me subditum et ex pellice genitum appellant,

    Liv. 40, 9. quem nautae appellant Lichan, Ov. M. 9, 229 victorem appellat Acesten, declares him victor, Verg. A. 5, 540 al.—Hence, to call by name:

    quos non appello hoc loco,

    Cic. Sest 50, 108: multi appellandi laedendique sunt, id Verr 2, 1, 60; id. Caecin. 19; so,

    appellare auctores,

    to declare, name, Plin. 28, 1, 1, § 2.— Trop.:

    quos saepe nutu significationeque appello,

    make known, Cic. Fam. 1, 9 fin. —
    * E.
    Appellare litteras, to pronounce, Cic. Brut. 35, 133 (v. appellatio).

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adpello

  • 11 appello

    1.
    ap-pello ( adp-, Fleck., Halm (in Tac.); app-, Merk., B. and K., Rib., Weissenb., Halm (in Nep.), pŭli, pulsum, 3, v. a. and n., to drive, move or bring a person or thing to or toward.
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Lit., constr. with ad, or in, with the dat., with quo, or absol.
    a.
    With ad:

    ad ignotum arbitrum me adpellis,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 104:

    armentum ad aquam,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 15; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 11:

    ad litora juvencos,

    Ov. M. 11, 353: visum in somnis pastorem ad me appellere, to drive toward me, i. e. the herd, the flock, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22:

    turres ad opera appellebat,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 26.—
    b.
    With in:

    in flumen,

    Dig. 43, 13, 1.—
    c.
    With dat.:

    Hinc me digressum vestris deus appulit oris,

    Verg. A. 3, 715.—
    d.
    With quo: quo numquam pennis appellunt Corpora saucae Cornices, * Lucr. 6, 752.—
    e.
    Absol.: dant operam, ut quam primum appellant, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 238, 28: postquam paulo appulit unda (corpus), drove a little toward me, brought near, Ov. M. 11, 717 al.—
    B.
    Trop.: animum ad aliquid, to turn, direct, apply:

    animum ad scribendum adpulit,

    Ter. And. prol. 1; so id. ib. 2, 6, 15.—Also to bring into any condition:

    argenti viginti minae me ad mortem adpulerunt,

    drove me to destruction, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 43; id. Bacch. 3, 1, 11.—
    II.
    A.. Esp. freq. as a nautical t. t., to bring or conduct a ship somewhere, to land (in Cic. only in this signif.); constr.: appellere navem, nave, or absol. in act. and pass.; also navis appellit, or appellitur (cf. applico, II.).
    a.
    With navem. [p. 141] abitu appellant huc ad molem nostram naviculam, Afran. ap. Non. p. 238, 24:

    cum Persae classem ad Delum appulissent,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 18:

    si ille ad eam ripam naves appulisset,

    id. Phil. 2, 11, 26 Wernsd.:

    cum ad villam nostram navis appelleretur,

    id. Att. 13, 21:

    Alexandrum in Italiam classem appulisse constat,

    Liv. 8, 3; so id. 28, 42:

    naves appulsae ad muros,

    id. 30, 10; 44, 44; 45, 5 al.—
    b.
    With nave:

    cum Rhegium onerariā nave appulisset,

    Suet. Tit. 5; cf. Gron. ad Liv. 30, 10.—
    c.
    Act. absol.: huc appelle, * Hor. S. 1, 5, 12:

    ad insulam appulerunt,

    Liv. 37, 21:

    cum ad litus appulisset,

    Quint. 7, 3, 31:

    cum ad Rhodum appulisset,

    Suet. Tib. 11; so id. Ner. 27.—
    d.
    Pass. absol.:

    alios ad Siciliam appulsos esse,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 28:

    ripae suorum appulsus est,

    Vell. 2, 107.—
    e.
    Seldom in a neutr. sense:

    navis adpellit,

    comes to land, arrives at, Tac. A. 4, 27:

    Germanici triremis Chaucorum terram adpulit,

    id. ib. 2, 24; Suet. Aug. 98:

    Alexandrina navis Dertosam appulit,

    id. Galb. 10. — Poet.:

    appellere aliquem: me vestris deus appulit oris,

    Verg. A. 3, 715; so id. ib. 1, 377 (cf. id. ib. 1, 616: quae vis te immanibus applicat oris).—
    B.
    Trop.:

    timide, tamquam ad aliquem libidinis scopulum, sic tuam mentem ad philosophiam appulisti,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 37:

    nec tuas umquam rationes ad eos scopulos appulisses,

    id. Rab. Perd. 9, 25.
    2.
    appello ( adp-, Ritschl), āvi, ātum, 1 ( subj. perf. appellāssis = appellaveris, Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 15), orig. v. n., as a secondary form of the preced. (cf.: jungere, jugare), to drive to or toward, to go to in order to accost, make a request, admonish, etc.; like adire, aggredi; hence like these constr. as v. a. with acc., to accost, address, to speak to, call upon (very freq. and class.).
    I.
    In gen. adgrediar hominem, adpellabo, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 26:

    accedam atque adpellabo,

    id. Am. 1, 3, 17:

    adeamus, adpellemus,

    id. Mil. 2, 5, 10; cf. id. Poen. 5, 2, 22, 5, 2, 30; 5, 2, 32:

    te volo adpellare,

    id. Aul. 2, 2, 23; id. Bacch. 5, 2, 50:

    quo ore appellabo patrem?

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 22; id. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 22: Lucil. ap. Non. p. 238, 23 aliquem hilari vultu, Cic. Clu. 26, 72:

    hominem verbo graviore,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 58:

    legatos superbius,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 5:

    homines asperius,

    id. Agr. 2, 24:

    ibi a Virdumaro appellatus,

    accosted, Caes. B. G. 7, 54:

    Adherbalis appellandi copia non fuit,

    Sall. J. 22, 5 milites alius alium laeti appellant, id. ib. 53, 8, Tac. Agr. 40: senatu coram appellato, Suet Ner. 41; id. Tib. 29 al.:

    nec audet Appellare virum virgo,

    Ov. M. 4, 682 al. —Also to address by letter:

    crebris nos litteris appellato,

    Cic. Fam. 15, 20.—
    II.
    Esp
    A.
    1.. Freq. with the access. idea of entreating, soliciting, to approach with a request, entreaty, etc., to apply to, to entreat, implore, beseech, invoke, etc.:

    vos etiam atque etiam imploro et appello,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 72, § 188 quem enim alium appellem? quem obtester? quem implorem? id. Fl. 2:

    quem praeter te appellet, habebat neminem,

    id. Quint. 31; id. Fam. 12, 28:

    quo accedam aut quos appellem?

    Sall. J. 14, 17:

    appellatus est a C. Flavio, ut, etc.,

    Nep. Att. 8, 3:

    appellatis de re publicā Patribus,

    Suet. Caes. 34.—
    2.
    Aliquem de aliquā re, to address one in order to incite him to something ( bad):

    aliquem de proditione, Liv 26, 38, 4: de stupro,

    Quint. 4, 2, 98.—Also without de:

    aliquem,

    Sen. Contr. 2, 15; Dig. 47, 10, 15, § 15.—
    3.
    In judic. language, t. t., to appeal to one, i. e. to call upon him for assistance (in the class. period always with acc.; also in Pandect. Lat. constr. with ad):

    procurator a praetore tribunos appellare ausus,

    Cic. Quint. 20, 64:

    tribuni igitur appellabantur,

    id. ib. 20, 63; so,

    praetor appellabatur,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 65; Liv. 9, 26:

    Volero appellat tribunos,

    id. 2, 55; Plin. 1, praef. 10: mox et ipse appellato demum collegio ( after he had appealed to the college of the tribunes), obtinuit, etc., Suet. Caes. 23:

    adversarii ad imperatorem appellārunt,

    Dig. 4, 4, 39 et saep.—
    B.
    To address in order to demand something, esp. the payment of money, to dun:

    Tulliola tuum munusculum flagitat et me ut sponsorem appellat,

    Cic. Att. 1, 8 fin.; id. Quint. 12;

    with de pecuniā: appellatus es de pecuniā,

    id. Phil. 2, 29; and without de: magnā pecuniā appellabaris a creditoribus, Quint. 5, 13, 12; Alphius ap. Col. 1, 7, 2.— Trop.:

    cupressus in Cretā gignitur etiam non appellato solo,

    Plin. 16, 33, 60, § 142.—Later also appellare rem, to demand, claim something:

    mercedem appellas?

    Juv. 7, 158.—
    C.
    To sue, inform against, complain of, accuse, to summon before a court:

    ne alii plectantur, alii ne appellentur quidem,

    Cic. Off. 1, 25, 89; so,

    aliquem stupri causā,

    Val. Max. 6, 1, 11 al. —
    D.
    To accost by any appellation (cf.:

    centurionibus nominatim appellatis,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 25); hence, to call by name, or to call, to term, entitle, to declare or announce as something (cf. prosagoreuô, and in Heb., to call, and also to name; appellare gives a new predicate to the subject, while nominare only designates it by name, without a qualifying word; cf. Hab. Syn. 958; Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 7, 4):

    vir ego tuus sim? ne me adpella falso nomine,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 181; so id. Mil. 2, 5, 26; Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 15:

    aliquem patrem,

    id. Hec. 4, 4, 30, pater a gnatis ne dulcibus umquam Appelletur, Lucr. 4, 1235; 1, 60; 5, 10:

    O Spartace, quem enim te potius appellem?

    Cic. Phil. 13, 10:

    unum te sapientem appellant et existimant,

    id. Am. 2, 6:

    hos viros bonos, ut habiti sunt, sic appellandos putemus,

    id. ib. 5, 19:

    cum fruges Cererem appellamus, vinum autem Bacchum,

    id. N D 2, 23, 60 suo quamque rem nomine appellare, id. Fam. 9, 22 al.:

    rex ab suis appellatur,

    Caes. B. G 7, 4:

    me subditum et ex pellice genitum appellant,

    Liv. 40, 9. quem nautae appellant Lichan, Ov. M. 9, 229 victorem appellat Acesten, declares him victor, Verg. A. 5, 540 al.—Hence, to call by name:

    quos non appello hoc loco,

    Cic. Sest 50, 108: multi appellandi laedendique sunt, id Verr 2, 1, 60; id. Caecin. 19; so,

    appellare auctores,

    to declare, name, Plin. 28, 1, 1, § 2.— Trop.:

    quos saepe nutu significationeque appello,

    make known, Cic. Fam. 1, 9 fin. —
    * E.
    Appellare litteras, to pronounce, Cic. Brut. 35, 133 (v. appellatio).

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > appello

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